Copper Mining in Australia Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Copper Mining in Australia - Case Study Example According to the discussion coming third after chile and USA, Australia has 6 per cent of total global resources. Given the impressive significance of this mineral, this paper is designed to give a deep analysis concerning it. The paper will cover in depth the significance of the mineral and give a deep understanding of the mineral by covering entirely all the necessary areas of the mineral with a particular focus on Olympic Dam which is its primary producer in South Australia. It will also cover copper’s mining, manufacturing and processing process and elaborate further on its market and distribution. This paper outlines that World Mining Corporation (WMC) is Australia’s leading copper producer, with Olympic Dam Mine dominating the production. As for the other copper producers in Australia, copper is produced as a co product of Gold mining operations. In the year 2003, Olympic Dam Mine alone produced 160,080 of the 869,000 tons of copper produced in Australia. It is ranked 8th largest ore reservoir in the world and its reserves approximated at 566Mt grading at 2 per cent copper, o.6 per cent Uranium, and o.7 per cent Gold. WMC Resources Ltd in May 2004 affirmed a 50 million pound likelihood study preference purposed to expand the mine and develop a preferred plan for its survival by the year 2006. Initial assessments have affirmed that Olympic Dam has the capacity to produce up to 350,000 tons of copper per year if its underground mining is expanded and effectively utilized. Nifty copper mine is primarily operated by Straits Resources Ltd, a company that purchased it from t he main operator (WMC) at 47 million dollars. New South Wales’s (NSW) Girilambone Copper mine is also operated by Straits. In this site, the company holds A60% interest and still it is the operator with Nord Pacific possessing the other 40% interest. More to the point, Osborn Copper-gold mine is operated by Placer Dome Ltd.

One Sony Analysis Essay Example for Free

One Sony Analysis Essay Sony is Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation with the revenue of US$71.87 billion (FY11). Sonys principal business operations include Sony Corporation (Sony Electronics in the U.S.), Sony Pictures Entertainment, Sony Computer Entertainment, Sony Music Entertainment, Sony Mobile Communications, and Sony Financial, which are engaged in business through 4 segment: Electronics, Motion picture, Music and Financial services. This conglomerate corporation is known with slogan: â€Å"Sony. Like no other†. Growth from a company with initial capital of US$2000 in Nagoya,Japan in 1946, becomes one of Worldwide Top 20 Semiconductor Sales Leaders, third-largest television manufacturer in the world, after Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics, third-largest mobile manufacturer in the world after Samsung Mobile and Apple, but Sony now is in the hard time and in process of recovery. Before the current reorganization, Sony have implemented quite many of reorganization but they seem didn’t work, in the first months of 2012, Sony have been face with foundering TV business and the massive tax charge, that make them lost US$6.4 billion. Come up with the newly strategy â€Å"One Sony† in April 2012, new CEO Kazuo Hirai aims to revitalize and grow the electronics business to create new value, strengthen the core business which are: 1. Strengthen core business: Digital imaging, Gaming, Mobile. 2. Turning around the TV business 3. Expandiing business in emerging markets 4. Creating new business, accelerating innovation 5. Realigning the business portfolio and optimizing recources (Source: http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/News/Press/201204/12-056E/index.html) The new CEO have plan to reorganize the corporate, sell some business, reduce by 10,000 job to have fund for the return of Sony and no information for Sony Financial change. Sony target US$67.42 billion revenue and operating income margin of 5% in its electronics business and sale of US$ 95.51 billion, operating income margin of more than5%, and ROE of 10% for the Sony group overall (FY14). I. Environment analysis: 1. Marco environment: 2.1 Economics: With the globalization, the world now is more â€Å"flat†, allow to customer from  more and more countries can access to foreign products, also it enhanced the production, created more value for human on the world, so the demand of product is expanding rapidly, Sony ‘s products are one of the highest expanding demand products. Although the world economy continues to struggling with post-crisis started from US in 2008 and the global economic growth have weakened further, the world still witness the success in business of big electronics and mobile company such as Apple, Samsung 2.2 Social and demographic: According to UNICEF, the world’s population is 7 billion as the end of 2012 and expected to increase in next 5 years. This means that the demand of all the products will increase along. There are more than 67% of American household play video games, 40% were women and they almost under 25 year old. This show that this form of entertainment is mainstream now in US. The trends are similar in Europe and Japan. The other country market show the optimistic with the rapidly increasing of gamer. The demand of the other electronic entertainment and mobile is clearly growth in the past decade. 1.3.Technological: Coming along with the rapid growth of the Internet is the new services on it such as internet storage (Mediafire, Dropbox, Box.net,†¦.), internet integrate with TV (which is now one of Sony ‘s TV line), internet calls, internet service on mobile,†¦creating wider market and more direction to expand business for Sony. But also there are difficulties for Sony, the margin for technology advancement is now diminishing, which is unfavorable for the pioneer of technology such as Sony. 1.4. Political: As one of the biggest company and contributed significantly for the growth of Japanese economy, Sony have received the back up from Japanese government. For instance, in the last months of 2011, Japanese government provided US$2.6 billion to Sony, Toshiba Ltd and Hitachi Ltd for their plan  to merge their liquid-crystal display operations, in the effort to compete with the rivals from Taiwan and South Korea. 1.5. Legal: Intellectual property as well as commercialization and protection have given the corporation a significant source of comparative advantage. So the macro environment is favorable for Sony to implement it’s new strategy â€Å"One Sony†. 2. The competitive environment: 2.1 The threat of new entrants: The threat of new entrants is low. The electronics industry requires huge capital to build the manufacture, buy the equipments, fund to RD; economics of scale; technology and innovation to produce the produce and create product differentiation. Moreover, the new entrants will meet a lot of difficulties with prevention of the big companies in the industry such as Sony, because these companies have huge capital and power to create a lot of barrier to the new comers and usually buy the new comers if they have potential to gain profit (unique technology, intellectual property,†¦), then turn them as one of the company’s SBU. One thing need to mention also is the legal requirements, to enter the electronics industry, the new entrants are required to obtain approval from the government, which require plenty of high requirements. These make the potential entrant in the low level. 2.2. The bargaining power of buyers: The power of buyers is high. With the access to the internet, the customer can get the information about the product fully, including the price, the hardware, the software, methods of delivery and compare between difference companies to choose the best set for their demand. Moreover, the switching cost from one brand product to another is almost zero, especially in Europe, USA and Japan. Hence, the companies always try to optimize and offer the customer their best set to satisfy the customers to pull them to the company 2.3. The bargaining power of supplier: The power of supplier is low. Sony do not buy the supplements from one supplier but it buy them from the best offer. Like another conglomerate corporation, Sony have their own research centre to create their own product differentiation and avoid from rely on the supplier. 2.4 The intensive of rivalry among competitors in the industry: The competition in electronics industry is high. The product between different brand is not different much, the margin of technology advance is now shorter, the product cycle therefore is shorter too while the cost for RD is more and more higher. 2.5 The threat of substitute products and services: The threat of substitute products and services for electronics industry is low due to the growth quickly of the electronics industry (although it have slower than the period of 1980-2000), there are no type of product and services can compete with electronics nowadays and if it have, the big companies on this industry will the first who have them. So the electronics industrial will not the good for the new players, it just the ground for big player such as Sony, Samsung, Apple, HTC, Nokia,†¦ to compete each other, mainly in the new technology , differentiate their products. 3. Internal environment: According to Value chain analysis mode which devised by Porter(1985), a company have primary activities( inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketingsales, service) and support activities(firm infrastructure, human resources management, technology development, procurement). The analysis below will show the pros and cons of Sony. 4.3 Inbound Logistics: Ability to conduct the various complex in-bound logistics activities well to facilitate smooth operations and productions 4.4 Operations: The religious zeal to innovate coupled with tacit knowledge to build revolutionary products that memorise customers into buying them. The long  tradition and experience will help Sony create the best optimize for its operation. 4.5 Outbound Logistics: Possess the capability to train employees and associates to manage and perform the vast and complex out-bound logistics activities that enhance operations protocol. Moreover, the logistic companies will be the considerable choice for Sony’s logistics activities when needed or to cut-off some activities and concentrate to the main ones. 4.6 Marketing Sales Possession of a world-class marketing acumen and tacit knowledge that has made Sony a global mega brand. 4.7 Services Able to integrate the various resources and functional activities to meet the needs (innovative, quality and reliable) of global customers. 4.8 Infrastructure Finance Possess the necessary physical resources to help generate value-creating competitive advantage as well as a large reserve that can be leveraged to invest in infrastructure to further lower costs. 4.9 Human Resources Able to leverage on financial resources to provide competitive numeration packages and training that help to motivate and insentitives. Staff who shows managerial potential is cultivated to take over leadership posts. With the middle-managements and low level managements, Sony provided the training in management, updating market information, delivery by in-side or out-side â€Å"teacher†. 4.10 Technology Able to leverage on technologies well and ahead of its competitors to create innovative and high quality products, be one of the pioneers on the new high technology products. 4.11 Procurement Possess procurement know-how that leads to quality input at lower costs. With above analysis, we can see Sony have capabilities and advantages to implement a strategy take Sony back to the track and make more and more profits in the years after. II. One Sony strategy: Sony offer different products for different customers, it’s product line is very large with electronics products (video equipment, audio equipment, television, mobile, components), entertainment products( famous PlayStation, games, movie and music). â€Å"One Sony† strategy with key initiative to transform the electronics business are: 1. Strengthen core business: Digital imaging, Gaming, Mobile. 2. Turning around the TV business 3. Expanding business in emerging markets 4. Creating new business, accelerating innovation 5. Realigning the business portfolio and optimizing resources. (Source: http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/News/Press/201204/12-056E/index.html) In this period of time, the global economy is still struggling post-crisis and the growth of economics is slower further, the customers are still cut-off their spend on buy products, the competitive in electronics industry is more and more. The One Sony strategy ‘s one aim to accelerating innovation, create the differentiation but mostly they still focus on the core business: Digital imaging, Gaming and Mobile. In the core business Sony have the advantage as one of the leaders of the market with wide-known product such as Xperia mobile, PlayStation console game, Home theatre,†¦ This will retain Sony as the famous company in the electronics industry, know world-wide (keep them from the situation as Nokia), the profit of the core business will provide fun for RD, which essential for any companies in the electronics industry, creating new business, accelerating innovation. Although Sony choice the focus strategy, but as any strategy, Sony then have to create differentiation on its products (create new business, accelerating innovation) come along with reduce cost (realigning the business portfolio and optimizing resources). This movement will help Sony have the advantage on compete with the rivals, whom desperately want to gain more market share.

Essay --

Differences and Similarities in The Odyssey and Inferno When going through the stories The Odyssey by Homer and Inferno by Dante, you get the feeling of how diverse, yet similar the two stories are. When reading The Odyssey, you find Ulysses trying to get home to his love, Penelope. He has been gone for twenty years, and through those years, he has struggled with good and evil, just like Dante in Inferno. Ulysses finds himself time after time fighting off gods and their children. Dante, struggling with good and evil, works his way through the nine levels of hell. He is struggling to find where his faithfulness lies. He also is trying to find his way to his love, Beatrice. When reading The Odyssey and Inferno, we find many similarities and differences, from the main characters characteristics, to the experiences within religion during Dante and Homer’s times. Ulysses, in The Odyssey, is the hero who has been trying to get home to his love, Penelope, and also his beloved country. He has found himself at war with many different gods and people, including Neptune, who is not yet ...

Alcoholism :: essays research papers

Alcoholism I woke up from coma wondering what had happened to me. "I am going to die, what have I done to myself." "Does my mother know?" She will kill me. "I am so SCARED!" Most kids my age, who only had their grandma and grandpa never knew what it was like to have a great-grandmother. Not only was she the best great grandma but she also played the role of a mother. To me I consider her to be an angel sent from heaven, to show some of us a few lessons about life. Her name was Josephine Catalici, an Italian woman born in Naples, Italy in 1906. She died this past summer. She was about 5'5" and very beautiful. She was good hearted, gentle, devoted, and open handed in everything she did. Josephine was always out to help someone in need. She considered other people to be first priority. She was the type of person who was almost perfect, always pleasing someone else and making one feel proud of themselves. My great-grandmother was the type of person to bring out the best in everyone. As a child, I needed that because my home had its ups and downs. My parents were separated and I had been living with my mother. She was a young parent and did things that most mother did not. For instance, as a child she would leave me alone and sometimes physically abuse me. Therefore, I sometimes had a hard time understanding why she treated me so differently. On the other hand, I always received my explanations from my great-grandmother whom I called â€Å" Mema†. I am not the only individual who considered her to be this type of caring person. Everyone that had known her, thought she was remarkable. Unfortunately, she started getting ill and during her times of need, I took care of her. in this time frame I knew that she was going to leave me soon. I was fourteen and dealing with a lot of changes in my life. I wish Josephine did not have to be one of those changes. Although, she was, but the good thing, is that she died without suffering. She was never afraid of death because she considered it to be another continuation of life. However, I could not deal with the pain of being without my great-grandmother. I am now in eighth grade, not too happy to be here. But I know that I have to go to school. I felt like nothing. My mother will not stop beating me. I don't want to live anymore.

Reaching Effects Of The Gulf Oil Spill Environmental Sciences Essay

On April 20, 2010 an detonation occurred at the British Petroleum drill rig located in the Gulf of Mexico. The detonation at the drill rig Deepwater Horizon led to the Macondo good to leak out oil. This was to go the 2nd most detrimental environmental catastrophe in the universe and the worst environmental calamity in U.S. history. The United States Minerals Management Service ( USMMS ) recorded that eighteen out of 39 runawaies in the Gulf of Mexico are caused by cement jobs ( Kerr et al. , 674 ) . The destructive oil spill was either created by improper support with cement or a malfunction in the runaway preventer used to supervise the oil Wellss. Before the boring started, British Petroleum ( BP ) predicted that if the undertaking were to travel incorrect it would let go of about 162,000 barrels per twenty-four hours. When the undertaking did neglect the oil started to flux out at about 1,000 barrels per twenty-four hours so farther rose to 5,000 barrels per twenty-four hours ( Ke rr et al. , 674 ) . To halt the flow of the oil from the Macondo Well, Deepwater Horizon would hold to bore back into the sea floor to do a new hole and so make full the hole with clay to kill the flow of the oil. The procedure took about three months to decide and in this clip the undermentioned shorelines were affected: Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida. The spill has affected biomes, ecosystems, nutrient ironss and carnal populations in all of these countries. A biome is a biotic factor characterized by clime and geographically belongings and the black spill hideously affected the marine biome, which intern annihilated two ecosystems: the coastal and Marine ecosystems. This death leads to the arrested development of effectivity of all nutrient ironss. Several anticipations can be made on how the environmental catastrophe will be affected from, five, 10 or twenty old ages from now. Many resources and environmental programs by the authorities and charity organisati on are in consequence to assist with control and to assist salvage the environmental by: acquiring rid of the oil spill, salvaging the animate beings and reconstructing their ecosystems in the different biomes. The Gulf of Mexico spill perilously affected the marine biome. As the oil start to lift and dispersants are added to the oil, they start to do the close shore soft deposits and the deep-sea deposits to decease out. Near shore soft deposits are beaches, salt fens, sea grass beds and mangrove swamps. They are extremely productive for ecosystems and consist of plentiful organic affair. The deep-sea deposits are boggy, flaxen countries chiefly located on the Continental inclines, Continental rises and abyssal fields ( Textbook ) . Estuaries and coral reefs are perceptive countries if impacted by oil rosin. They provide protection, eating, and populating for a many beings. About â€Å" 90 per centum of marine species in the gulf depend on coastal estuaries † largely located in Louisiana ( Crowley, 2010 ) . Louisiana was hit hard by the oil spill greatly impacting salt fens and barrier islands. The dispersants added to the oil causes it turn to tar balls which possible starts to loo k on beaches and stick to the workss. The big sums of oil on the coastal deposit will do the salt fen grasses and animate beings to decease out ( Kerr et al. , 962 ) . The oil sedimentations can harm the workss and causes the deposit to gnaw. If the deposit starts gnawing the workss will non travel through photosynthesis or gas exchange ( Kerr et al. , 675 ) . This may do the whole ecosystem to fall apart, because many beings may go unable to acquire nutrient and alimentary supply from the contaminated surrounding environment ( How Does the BP Oil Spill, 2010 ) . Harmonizing to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, research workers say that â€Å" direct contact with an oil spill may take to coral decease, but depending on coral species, growing signifier, life phase, and continuance of oil exposure ( How does an Oil Spill Affect Coral Reefs, 2010 ) . † Scientists say corals that are exposed at different concentration degrees of oil may kill coral but may non be instant. It would instead be a long-run consequence after the exposure has ended. Scientists are stating, the deep-sea corals are non affected by the oil spill and hardly touched by it ( How does an Oil Spill Affect Coral Reefs, 2010 ) . Steve Ross, a research worker from the Center for Marine Science at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington, says, â€Å" Originally, when we saw the flight for the oil spill and where it was traveling, we were really concerned that these home grounds would be impacted ( Skoloff, 2010 ) . † Ross and other research w orkers from his squad are carry oning a research to see if the corals have been damaged or will it be a long-run impact based on the reproduction rates. Ross said â€Å" We thought surely that†¦ we would see marks of harm and we ‘re really pleased to state so far, in these locations, we have n't seen a big graduated table harm to the coral home grounds. We ‘re still looking, but so far, it ‘s good ( Skoloff, 2010 ) . † As the marine biome are affected by the oil spill, this to boot affects two types of ecosystems in the country. The two ecosystems, marine ecosystem and coastal ecosystem, are extremely disrupted by the oil spill doing nutrient ironss to be non as efficient. The impact of the environment by dispersants of oil is greatly effectual, and the scientists are worried the harm would jeopardize the nutrient web ( Layers of Life, 2010 ) . In the Marine ecosystem, the oil started to flux out of the Macondo Well each twenty-four hours, it started to impact different Marine beds. The marine biome consists of four Marine zones, but merely three zones were affected by the oil spill: the epipelagic zone, mesopelagic zone, and bathypelagic zone ( Textbook ) . Microscopic droplets from the Macondo Well endanger the aquatic life. The heavier oil compounds would either absorb to the deposit or turn into pitch balls and rinse up to the shore or autumn to the seafloor. When dispersants are added to the oil, it breaks down the oil and forestalling it to come on land. The sunshine can assist extinguish the volatile oil compounds. As the huge figure of phytoplankton, fish eggs, and larvae are affected, they are an indispensable to giants, fish, and other beings. They are the bases of the nutrient concatenation life at the epipelagic zone. The microscopic oil and methane gas from the spill do the plankton to go hypoxic-depleted of O ( Bourne Jr. , 51 ) . As the phytoplankton is the bases for the marine ecosystem nutrient web, by being effected by the oil spill, the nutrient web would non be every bit efficient as it would be because other animate beings and beings are dependent on them. Marine scientist, Rob Condon, says, â€Å" You change the base of the nutrient web, it ‘s traveling to ruffle through the full nutrient web and finally it ‘s traveling to impact fishing and present a batch of contaminations into the nutrient web ( Brown and Masti, 2010 ) . † Like runt, pediculosis pubis, tuna, or ruddy snapper provender on phytoplankton, these animate beings would decease out b ecause the deficiency of foods in the system doing other animate beings to endure which will interrupt down the nutrient web. Pyrosomes are another indispensable base of foods for animate beings. If they are effected it would do a rippling in the nutrient web which would consequence on polo-necks and larger fishes ( Brown and Masti, 2010 ) . The ecosystem would get down to deteriorate because of the deficiency of foods and addendum eating for beings. Correspondingly the oil injuries sea birds, which the H2O soaks through their plumes, doing them cold, taking to hyperthermia, and harder to derive nutrient. The mahimahis are to endure from organ harm from take a breathing the toxic bluess or consuming the oil. As for the sea turtles they are at high hazard because they feed at the oil surface. The applied scientists try to utilize dispersants by the well so the sea birds and mammals are protected from the oil but on the other manus it can impact a Bluefin tuna or other fishes from the toxic consequence ( Kerr et al. , 675 ) . The counter current gas exchange would impact the fish because of less O in the H2O doing the blood to have O, which leads to the decease of fishes ( Textbook ) . Scientists from National Institute for Undersea Science and Technology ( NIUST ) with several other establishments will follow oil over the following couple months as it moves through the nutrient concatenation from individual celled algae to tuna fi sh ( Kerr et al. , 963 ) . As the concentration of the methane gas additions, there is a fright that there will be oxygen depletion making â€Å" dead zones † in the ecosystem where no marine life to can remain. The cause of dead zones is by algae start to organize where they feed on the foods of methane on high concentration. Bacteria so eat the algae, which causes the depletion in O. Marine life, such as fish, is non able to last in this environment which scientists called it â€Å" dead zones † ( McNulty, 2010 ) . The marine ecosystem is extremely at hazard due to the oil, gas or dispersants. With all the effects on the system it affects the nutrient concatenation and how the marine life is seeking to last utilizing other resources or migrating out of the oil spill environment. This affects how they would accommodate to new countries in the ocean. The Rhizophora mangle wood, fresh H2O, salt H2O environment to the coral reefs make a nourishment country and supply a home ground for wildlife and protection from the pollution. The coastal ecosystem is affected as the oil moves in closer to the shore. The animate beings such as birds, boodles, oysters and corals are extremely at hazard because of the toxic consequence in their system. As boodles and oysters can be a beginning of nutrient to other beings, like otters or worlds, which live around the coastal country will impact the nutrient concatenation. Similarly, animate beings that unrecorded by seawater fens, coastal prairies, mangrove forest and hayfields and are dependent on workss as a primary beginning of foods will be affected due to the deficiency of gas exchange and photosynthesis of the workss because of the oil toxic degrees in the workss. The coastal grass fens created for coastal Marine and mammals for life. The oil amendss water bird, polo-necks and marine mammals an d perchance embryos and larvae of invertebrates and fish ( Weise and Rice, 2010 ) . Additionally, the emmets, crickets, and spiders are of import factors of the coastal nutrient web. They aid in dirt irrigation, seed dispersion, pollenation and nutrient beginning. If the insect population survives so fish and birds will last. If the fish and birds survive the community will last besides, but if insects do non last the system will fall apart ( Bui, 2010 ) . Felicia Coleman, from Florida State University Coastal and Marine Laboratory in St. Teresa, says, â€Å" Panama City, Florida to Tampa, Florida is one of the largest bases of sea grass in the U.S. Those grasses contain likely the largest hatcheries and baby's room land for piscaries in the Gulf of Mexico ( Weise and Rice, 2010 ) . † This cause would impact the growing of new species of fishes and impact the nutrient web for consumers. There populating would be destroyed and would be difficult to accommodate to new countries due to the predation and environment. She besides says, â€Å" One of the last pristine, most biologically diverse coastal home grounds in the state is about to acquire wiped out. And there ‘s non much we can make about it ( Weise and Rice, 2010 ) . † There are legion beings that are affected by the spill. One animate being that is extremely diminishing in size of population are the pelicans, chiefly the brown pelicans. As of mid-July 2010, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ( FWS ) , the brown pelican was hit the hardest by the oil spill about 50 eight per centum of the pelicans that were either dead or injured ( Tangley, 2010 ) . The effects of oil on the brown pelicans are really detrimental to the organic structure. As the oil sticks to the plumes, it starts to lose the sealing oils that maintain them from acquiring cold. As the oil start to rub off and deteriorate, the brown pelicans could decease from hypothermia. If a thick coat of oil sticks to the organic structure, the bird will non be able fly either doing it to rinse up shore and dice. When the brown pelican provenders on marine life in the sea, such as fish, it can consume little sums of oil if the fish is contaminated. If everything in ecosystem is contaminated with, the birds will non able to feed and feed at that place immature and do low reproduction rates because they would decease ( Rosenberg, 2010 ) . If the tendency continues, the whole population of brown pelicans would decease out and would be considered as being on the endangered list once more as they have 50 old ages ago due to DDT pesticides in the late fiftiess. The DDT pesticide resided in contaminated fishes, this causes the reproduction of eggshells. The eggshells are thinned and during incubation the eggs would accidently check by the parents, doing them low reproduction in the country ( Tangley, 2010 ) . Surveies say, when affected by oil, they have a low to good endurance rates depending on the country they live in ( Rosenberg, 2010 ) . Cleaning the environment of the ecosystem and the brown pelicans would increase the survival rate. The authorities and community have been addressed to the environmental crisis. The authorities should be involved in the oil catastrophe. The Environmental Defense Fund ( EDF ) has provided offer to the Obama disposal and Congress to retrieve the harm environment. Five stairss need to be taken: 1 ) to halt the flow of the oil and prevent making the shore, 2 ) design a long term clean up plan, 3 ) supply economic aid the fishermen, 4 ) proctor the short term effects of the spill by scientific research, and 5 ) supply a $ 4 billion budget to reconstruct the hundred square stat mis ecosystems. Obama has taken in consideration to go through a $ 4 billion exigency measure ( Crowley, 2010 ) . I truly suggest that the authorities should take this into consideration because it includes all parts of how the budget money would assist reconstruct the environment back to normal. Numerous AIDSs and financess were proposed authorities ; they should take a expression at the proposition and make the ir ain measure to assist with the oil spill calamity. I contemplate the British Petroleum should assist with the bulk of the financess of scientific research and assistance in Restoration of the environment. This would assist derive their regard back but plus assist the community and nature. The community should take in deliberation to be voluntaries and subscribe up with organisation to assist with attempts of the oil spill. They would assist clean animate beings, like birds, and the dust on the coastal shores, which will assist in the short-run effects of the ecosystem. The major organisations, such as: National Wildlife Federation, NOAA, Global Green and other organisations have been taken to consequence and assisting the damaged ecosystem. The community and organisations should work together to reconstruct the biome with the assistance of persons as voluntaries and the financess provided. Many scientists and research workers are assisting with the service of reconstructing of th e biome. They are carry oning research and experiments and how they can supply aid to repair the jobs. Expression at the long-run impact of the spill from five, 10, or twenty old ages from now will alter how the biome is working. Five old ages from now, the Restoration of the coastal land of workss and some animate beings will be conveying back the home ground to normal due to the fact the sunshine, H2O and heat will assist interrupt down some factors of the oil in the deposits, to boot aid of oil eating bacteriums ( Barcott, 71 ) . The marine ecosystem will still be damaged because of the monolithic sums of oil in the ocean, in different Marine zones. In ten old ages, some of the marine ecosystem, the epipelagic zone, will get down to better back to its normal map such as corals and animate beings reside in those parts of the system, because corals have a short-run consequence of the oil. As the twelvemonth ‘s advancement, in twenty old ages, half of the marine biome, the mesopelagic zone and some of bathypelagic zone, will be start map usually and the nutrient web will be effi cient, making an betterment of reproduction and survival rate of animate beings and beings.

The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy essays

The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy essays On Friday, November 22, 1963 while on a political campaigning visit to Texas, President John Fitzgerald Kennedy was assassinated on the streets of downtown Dallas. Shortly after the assassination of President Kennedy, then-President Lyndon B. Johnson ordered an investigation of the assassination by a committee made of members selected by President Johnson. This committee, known as the Warren Commission, concluded that a lone assassin named Lee Harvey Oswald committed the murder alone. Since the findings of the Warren Commission, many discrepancies have been discovered in its findings leading to the many various conspiracy theories that have evolved in the 41 years since President Kennedy's death. These conspiracy theories can be found in the many books written by various authors, several television specials that have been aired, also a major motion picture titled J.F.K. by director Oliver Stone in 1991. President John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States of America was nearing the end of his first term in office from which he was elected in 1960 when he went to Texas in 1963. The purpose of the Texas trip was to gain support from the state that the majority was for the Republican Party in the 1960 elections. On November 22, 1963, President Kennedy arrived in Dallas at Love Field after a brief flight from Fort Worth Texas. Upon landing at Love Field, a presidential motorcade left the airport as President Kennedy rode in a limousine that the "bubble top" had been removed from. Accompanying the president in the limousine was the First Lady, Texas Governor John Connelly seated directly in front of President Kennedy, and Governor Connelly's wife. The motorcade traveled through the streets of Downtown Dallas on Main Street until it reached Dealey Plaza, the historical area in Dallas signifying the birth of the city. From Main Street, the motorcade turned right on Houston Street, traveled a short distance until it turned left ...

11 Pieces of Career Advice No One Tells You

11 Pieces of Career Advice No One Tells You Most people have decent jobs. They get up in the morning, grind out their 9-5, head home, and then do it all over again the next day. There’s nothing wrong with simply having a job. You need a job for food, clothes, shelter, etc. But if you’re someone that is looking for something more , and you’re stuck in a 9-5 rut, then you’re probably not happy with just having a job.You’ve probably noticed videos all over your social media showcasing successful people talking about their passion and how that connects to their success.For instance, successful people like Warren Buffet believe that the key to success is finding your passion. And while that may sound cliche and cheesy, we should remember that these people get up every morning, excited for the day. They look at every day as a new opportunity to affect thousands of people through their work. Clearly, these people are onto something.Here is what they understand that the average person doesn’t. Â  Source: [medium.com]

Free Essays on The Decision

The Decision Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† is a despondent portrait of a relationship at the point of dissolution. It’s a picture of two people who are at the brink of a decision that will effect the rest of their lives. To the girl, the decision will be life altering. To the man, the decision is simple. However, for one of them this decision will mean a new found freedom; for the other it will mean a new beginning. The man in the story has no name and is referred to as the â€Å"American.† He has a girlfriend he refers to as â€Å"Jig.† There is no real seriousness to their relationship. All they do is travel from place to place drinking and looking at scenery. They have never been confronted with any decisions other than what kind of alcohol to drink. Suddenly they are confronted with a life altering decision. The decision is whether to keep the baby or to abort the baby, which Jig is pregnant with. While kicking back a few drinks, they begin to discuss their decision. The â€Å"American† tries to assure â€Å"Jig† this is a â€Å"simple operation.† He tries to reassure her that it’s â€Å"not an operation at all.† Even though he has told her not to worry about it and that it’s no big deal, she still feels it is a big deal. He does not want to be weighed down with excess baggage, which he feels the baby is. They have been happy up until now; if they get rid of the baby he feels they will be happy once again. As the couple discusses their situation, the girl begins to distract herself by focusing on lush scenery. Even though she is unsure if she wants to go through with the abortion, she will do anything to hold on to him. The more they talk about the decision the more heated it becomes. Finally, not being able to talk anymore, she tells him to â€Å"please please please please please please please stop talking.† After that he gets up walks across to the other track to get their â€Å"heavy bags.† When he ... Free Essays on The Decision Free Essays on The Decision The Decision Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† is a despondent portrait of a relationship at the point of dissolution. It’s a picture of two people who are at the brink of a decision that will effect the rest of their lives. To the girl, the decision will be life altering. To the man, the decision is simple. However, for one of them this decision will mean a new found freedom; for the other it will mean a new beginning. The man in the story has no name and is referred to as the â€Å"American.† He has a girlfriend he refers to as â€Å"Jig.† There is no real seriousness to their relationship. All they do is travel from place to place drinking and looking at scenery. They have never been confronted with any decisions other than what kind of alcohol to drink. Suddenly they are confronted with a life altering decision. The decision is whether to keep the baby or to abort the baby, which Jig is pregnant with. While kicking back a few drinks, they begin to discuss their decision. The â€Å"American† tries to assure â€Å"Jig† this is a â€Å"simple operation.† He tries to reassure her that it’s â€Å"not an operation at all.† Even though he has told her not to worry about it and that it’s no big deal, she still feels it is a big deal. He does not want to be weighed down with excess baggage, which he feels the baby is. They have been happy up until now; if they get rid of the baby he feels they will be happy once again. As the couple discusses their situation, the girl begins to distract herself by focusing on lush scenery. Even though she is unsure if she wants to go through with the abortion, she will do anything to hold on to him. The more they talk about the decision the more heated it becomes. Finally, not being able to talk anymore, she tells him to â€Å"please please please please please please please stop talking.† After that he gets up walks across to the other track to get their â€Å"heavy bags.† When he ...

Development strategy to increase overall capacity at Mumbai Dissertation

Development strategy to increase overall capacity at Mumbai International Airport - Dissertation Example Moreover, it will also displace 65000 people. Even the land is not in the government’s possession as yet. Better sites are available yet the government insists on the same place. This research has been conducted to study the strategies adopted to satisfy the demand for the expansion of the airport and whether these strategies are viable in the future also or not. The methodology is the questionnaire and interview methods. Findings reveal that the government may have vested political reasons to insist on the same site. The environment is being damaged, it has safety issues and the size of the airport is not sufficient for the next 25 years. Moreover, the land doesn’t have room for further expansion. Suggestions like taking the matter to the supreme court, looking for new sites, reassessing the current project plan, media involvement and making efficient use of the current airport have been given along with other suggestions to resolve this politically afflicted issue. TA BLE OF CONTENTS Chapter1-Introduction 1 1.1 Chapter introduction 1 1.2 Background 1 1.3 Problem definition 1 1.4 Aims of the Research 2 1.5 Motivation of Author 2 1.6 Hypotheses 3 1.7 Methodology and sources of the data in the research 3 1.8 Layout of the research report 3 Chapter 2-LITERATURE REVIEW 5 2.1 Introductions 5 2.2 Pestle Analysis 6 2.2.1 Political 6 2.2.2 Economic factor 8 2.2.3 Social Factor 9 2.2.4 Technological Factor 9 2.2.5 Legal Factor 10 2.2.6 Ecological Factor 11 2.3 Swot Analysis 12 2.3.1 strengths 12 2.3.2 Weakness 13 2.3.2.1 traffic routes 13 2.3.2.2 increase in fares 14 2.3.2.3 flight landing delays 14 2.3.2.4 Destruction of the environment 15 2.3.2.5 political agendas 15 2.3.3 Opportunities 15 2.3.3.1 better utilization of the current Mumbai airport 15 2.3.3.2 Pouring of FDI 16 2.3.3.3 Development of the tourism industry 16 2.3.4 Threats 17 2.3.4.1 No focus on detail 17 2.3.4.2 airport site 17 2.3.4.3 Future expansion 18 2.3.4.4 Environmental threats 18 Chap ter 3-Methodology 19 3.1 Introduction 19 3.2 Researcher’s role 19 3.3 Method 20 3.3.1 Subjects for the research 20 3.3.2 Questionnaire research method 21 3.3.3 Questionnaire type 23 3.3.4 Interview method 24 3.4 Collecting and arranging the data 26 3.5 Trustworthiness of the method 27 3.5.1 Reliability 27 3.5.2 Validity 27 3.5.2.1 Ethical validity 28 3.5.2.2 Generalized validity 28 Chapter 4-Findings and result analysis 29 4.1 Introduction 29 4.2 Hypothesis 1 29 4.3 Hypothesis 2 32 4.4 Hypothesis 3 33 4.5 Hypothesis 4 36 Chapter 5-CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 39 5.1 Conclusion 39 5.2 Recommendations 41 5.2.1 Reassess the project plan 41 5.2.3 Improving the overall commuting system 42 5.2.4 Relocate the airport 42 5.2.5 Environmentalists 42 5.3 Limitations 42 6. Appendix 44 7. References 46 Chapter1-Introduction 1.1 Chapter introduction In chapter one, the introduction to the research paper is given. Along with the introduction, a brief background is also given with the prob lem definition, hypotheses, aims and objectives, methodology and the layout of the entire paper. 1.2 Background The research is on the strategies that have been applied for the expansion of the Mumbai airport. According to Jog (2011), the current airport is reaching exhaustion, as it is not able to accommodate more than 30 million passengers annually. Thus strategies have been formulated to either use this airport more efficiently

Global Computing System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Global Computing System - Essay Example Attempts have been made to solve most of these challenges by enhancing technology systems. In today's global computing world, advanced technology systems like multi-lingual Translation Engines, Distributed Computing, Overlay Computing, Component based Computing, Service Oriented Architecture, Cryptography Systems, etc have enhanced the experience of Global Computing to a large extent. These technology solutions definitely have enhanced the global computing experience. However, they cannot bridge the gaps in cultural acceptance of content of a Global Application. Example, a translator converting American English to German language might do an excellent job grammatically but the Germans may not like the writing style of translated script because of some cultural mismatch. This is the reason that some companies have preferred to maintain multi-lingual web-sites rather than relying upon the translation engines. Moreover, security has remained a large challenge in Global Computing posed b y known threats and emerging threats turning up continuously (Perrault, Anna H and Gregory, 2001; Jones, Cameron and Twidale, Michael 2006). Other challenges that needs further research & enh... egration, Data Consistency, Speed & Performance, Identity Management, Legal & Compliance framework, Quality of Service, etc (Perrault, Anna H and Gregory, 2001; Jones, Cameron and Twidale, Michael 2006). Description of the Project and its Significance: Following are some examples of Global Computing platforms (Nicola, Rocco De, 2006): Internet: An integrated platform of millions of websites whereby practically every educated individual of the world gets millions of avenues to collaborate with the rest of world. Intranets and Extranets: Collaborative platforms deployed by an organization to interact with employees and customers. Virtual Private Networks: Secured connections between clients and servers via site-to-site and user to site encrypted tunnels. World Wide Web: An integrated platform of millions of IP based networks which can be used by businesses and people to connect to practically any part of the world. Telephone Network: Establishment of Voice over IP networks and their connectivity to local PSTN networks has created a virtual exchange which has empowered every multi-media enabled personal computer to act like a telephone. Moreover, such technologies have also presented Video over IP systems to global users such that they can interact with any Internet user across the globe using Video-Conferencing. GRID: A well co-ordinated multi-protocol network of resources across the world managed at higher layers of the OSI seven layer model without any centralized control that ensures proper personalization to an individual, groups and companies. Following is a partial list of applications of Global Computing platforms: Knowledge Enhancements Knowledge Management Business Process Collaborations and Transactions Trading, Sales, Marketing, Brand Building, etc. News and

Rhode Island v. Innis, 446 U.S. 291, Stewart J Case Assignment

Rhode Island v. Innis, 446 U.S. 291, Stewart J Case - Assignment Example Miranda safeguards are there when â€Å"a person in custody is subjected to either express questioning or its functional equivalent†. The respondent Innis was arrested with the accusation of robbing a taxi driver. Five days ago, a taxi driver was robbed and found dead because of being fired in the head with a shotgun. This was the second robbery that led to respondent’s arrest. When he was arrested, he was repeatedly informed about his Miranda rights and allowance to contact a lawyer. After listening multiple times about his Miranda rights, the respondent informed that he would require the assistance of a lawyer. Three officers took him in the patrol car and they were forbidden by Captain Leyden to ‘question the respondent or intimidate or coerce him in any way’. While discussing handicapped children in the area who could use the handgun, officers showed their concern. They did not invite the respondent to the discussion, but he interrupted their conversation and informed them that he could show them the location of the gun. He was again informed about his Miranda rights, but he said that he kn ew about his Miranda rights, but he â€Å"wanted to get the gun out of the way because of the kids in the area in the school†. The Court found the respondent guilty without violation of his Miranda Rights. The case applicable here is Miranda v. Arizona that informed the respondent about his constitutional rights. The Supreme Court of Rhode Island decided that Innis was repeatedly informed about his Miranda rights and allowance of consultation to his lawyer, but he willfully confessed about his crime. He was not interrogated by the police officers in any way.

What you have learned about writing, and possibly reading, from this Essay

What you have learned about writing, and possibly reading, from this course( english academic communication - Essay Example Furthermore, English is my second language, and learning such skills was very challenging, but with the knowledge and skills that I was presented with in this course, I now have a deeper understanding of how to write more confidently. There are many different academic referencing styles in English essay writing. APA style format stands for the American Psychological Association. This style focuses on how to make the essay more organized and neat. This was the first element which I learned during the academic communication class. APA style has an easy format steps to follow in essay writing, such as using font size 12, double spaced, and a page header. Moreover, APA style paper should include four principal sections which are: title page, abstract, main body, and references. Secondly, writing an essay requires a long time so that a research can be done like finding information and ideas about the essay topic. I learned from the course how to find resource from books and websites. This helped me to write perfect sentences describing my ideas using examples. During the course I obtained knowledge how to write references and demonstrate which source the ideas I used are borrowed from. Thirdly, as mentioned earlier, English is my second language and it was hard for me to find appropriate vocabulary and write grammatically correct essays. The academic communication course taught me lots of new vocabulary and also improved my grammar skills. I can now apply the learned in this course and I am confident that I can correct my grammatical mistakes faster. I read through the text several times, as my professor had instructed me to. I try to read my essay professionally applying the strategies I learned during the class. In conclusion, I would like to point out that writing essays requires more skills than I previously thought. Students need to understand how to improve their writing abilities before the start of an academic course. I choose APA referencing

International Arbitration Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Arbitration - Research Paper Example It is not a surprise that the research compares the two, though they are more of a single state, China and Hong Kong have different ways of tackling international cases and in this research states the differences and similarities, the advantages and disadvantages that arise because of those differences and similarities. In Hong Kong, the court ensures minimum interference in international arbitration and everything to do with supervising legal matters of international arbitration is done by the Hong Kong International Arbitration Center and the other bodies within it. The company took over all the responsibilities in international arbitration that would have been carried out by the Hong Kong court. The case is different for China where the People's court is also in part responsible for dealing with international arbitration though it also has an independent body with which it works. So this is meant to give all these details and come up with the best means of court's involvement in international arbitration and cases of the like. Research results will be based on the literature that is available about the two states but also on the answers and responses that will be received from the interviews and questionnaires that will be distributed. This research is meant to explain China's and Hong Kong's courts' supervision and assistance in internationa... The research will also try to compare the local arbitration procedures to international procedures in order to assist in getting a difference between the procedures of handling local cases and those of handling international cases. The research aims at pointing out areas that need improvement and therefore come up with suggestions to improve the Chinese court's involvement in international arbitration as compared to Hong Kong's. The Objective of the Research With detailed information on the involvement of the court of the people's republic of China in international arbitration, this research will also bring to light the position of Hong Kong's court in international arbitration. Just as for the people's republic of China so shall it be for Hong Kong, the research seeks to find out Hong Kong's courts involvement in terms of supervision and assistance in international arbitration. From the findings a comparison will be made of the two involvements i.e. the involvement of the court of People's Republic of China in international arbitration and the involvement of the Hong Kong court in supervising international arbitration. Therefore the main objective of this research is to compare the involvement of the two courts in international arbitration, analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the degree of the court's involvement in international arbitration and from these come up with suggestions on what the court could do to improve international arbitration. Both for the people's republic of China and for Hong Kong. The Scope of the Research The scope of the study will be the court of the People's Republic of China and the Hong

What you have learned about writing, and possibly reading, from this Essay

What you have learned about writing, and possibly reading, from this course( english academic communication - Essay Example Furthermore, English is my second language, and learning such skills was very challenging, but with the knowledge and skills that I was presented with in this course, I now have a deeper understanding of how to write more confidently. There are many different academic referencing styles in English essay writing. APA style format stands for the American Psychological Association. This style focuses on how to make the essay more organized and neat. This was the first element which I learned during the academic communication class. APA style has an easy format steps to follow in essay writing, such as using font size 12, double spaced, and a page header. Moreover, APA style paper should include four principal sections which are: title page, abstract, main body, and references. Secondly, writing an essay requires a long time so that a research can be done like finding information and ideas about the essay topic. I learned from the course how to find resource from books and websites. This helped me to write perfect sentences describing my ideas using examples. During the course I obtained knowledge how to write references and demonstrate which source the ideas I used are borrowed from. Thirdly, as mentioned earlier, English is my second language and it was hard for me to find appropriate vocabulary and write grammatically correct essays. The academic communication course taught me lots of new vocabulary and also improved my grammar skills. I can now apply the learned in this course and I am confident that I can correct my grammatical mistakes faster. I read through the text several times, as my professor had instructed me to. I try to read my essay professionally applying the strategies I learned during the class. In conclusion, I would like to point out that writing essays requires more skills than I previously thought. Students need to understand how to improve their writing abilities before the start of an academic course. I choose APA referencing

Intermodal Transportation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Intermodal Transportation - Essay Example At the individual level, Americans spend all the more on transportation, cargo development, and driving, than they do on garments, working the family, diversion and intercity travel set up together. Transportation expenses represent 11 for each penny of extra cash, the fourth biggest thing in family spending plans (USDOT 1999b). Utilizing 1994 gross national item numbers, cargo transportation made up 6.3% for each penny of aggregate consumption, which could go up to 10–11 for every penny of aggregate use if incomes spent on stock, warehousing, and logistics administrations are incorporated (ENO 1998). As a rate of aggregate consumption, freight transportation accounts 38.52% for every penny of the aggregate while passenger transportation represents the rest (USDOT 1999b). The effect of cargo on the US economy is significant. Generally speaking, it is evaluated that most of the country’s revenue is generated from freight transportation. The author investigates the immense challenge of expanding the extent of intermodal freight transport. In perspective of the present overwhelming role played by road transport and the expanding impediments in adapting to an increase in the number of vehicles in a productive and reasonable way, multi-purpose freight transport could be viewed as a practical option. In any case, he makes acknowledgment of the way of there is the need to enhance the performance of the intermodal transport framework. The role played by the government in cultivating intermodal transport advancements has been highlighted by Holguin-Veras et al. (2008). Concentrating on the American cargo transport framework different authors distinguish diverse arrangements of elements that clarify the diverse range of factors that the government experiences in cultivating advancements: Incompatible goals and objectives of the private and open area, absence of

Role of Banks in the Economic Development Essay Example for Free

Role of Banks in the Economic Development Essay Bank: An organization, usually a corporation, chartered by a state or federal government, which does most or all of the following: receives demand deposits and time deposits, honors instruments drawn on them, and pays interest on them; discounts notes, makes loans, and invests in securities; collects checks,drafts, and notes; certifies depositors checks; and issues drafts and cashiers checks. Features of Bank: †¢ Money Dealing †¢ Acceptance of Deposit †¢ Grant of loan and advances †¢ Payment and withdrawal of deposits †¢ Transfer of funds †¢ Portfolio management †¢ Foreign Exchange dealing Banking; In general terms, the business activity of accepting and safeguarding money owned by other individuals and entity and then lending out this money in order to earn a profit. Banking is a business of accepting deposits and lending money. It is carried out by financial intermediaries, which performs the functions of safeguarding deposits and providing loans to the public. In other words, Banking means accepting for the purpose of lending or investment of deposits of money from public repayable on demand and can be withdrawn by checks, draft order and so on. Banking Company: Any company, which transacts the business of banking Banking System: Banking System is a principal mechanism through which the money supply of the country is created and controlled. The banking system enables us to understand Commercial Banks, Secondary Banks, Central Banks, Merchant Bank or Accepting Houses and Discount Houses but to exclude the Saving Banks and Investment and other intermediaries. Number and types of Banks: The number of banks in all now stands at 49 in Bangladesh. Out of the 49 banks, four are Nationalized Commercial Banks (NCBs), 28 local private commercial banks, 12 foreign banks and the rest five are Development Financial Institutions (DFIs). Sonali Bank is the largest among the NCBs while Pubali is leading in the private ones. Among the 12 foreign banks, Standard Chartered has become the largest in the country. Besides the scheduled banks, Samabai (Cooperative) Bank, Ansar-VDP Bank, Karmasansthan (Employment) Bank and Grameen bank are functioning in the financial sector. The number of total branches of all scheduled banks is 6,038 as of June 2000. Of the branches, 39.95 per cent (2,412) are located in the urban areas and 60.05 per cent (3,626) in the rural areas. Of the branches NCBs hold 3,616, private commercial banks 1,214, foreign banks 31 and specialized banks 1,177. Bangladesh Bank (BB) regulates and supervises the activities of all banks. The BB is now carrying out a reform program to ensure quality services by the banks. Commercial Bank: A bank offering checking accounts, savings accounts, certificates of deposit, personal and business loans, and other, similar services. Commercial banks charge fees and/or interest for many of their services, though they may pay interest on other services. A retail bank is often an individual branch of a commercial bank where one may procure these services. The main functions of commercial banks: The main functions of commercial banks are accepting deposits from the public and advancing them loans. However, besides these functions there are many other functions which these banks perform. All these functions can be divided under the following heads: 1. Accepting Deposits: The most important function of commercial banks is to accept deposits from the public. Various sections of society, according to their needs and economic condition, deposit their savings with the banks. For example, fixed and low income group people deposit their savings in small amounts from the points of view of security, income and saving promotion. On the other hand, traders and businessmen deposit their savings in the banks for the convenience of payment. 3. Over-Draft: Banks advance loans to its customer’s up-to a certain amount through over-drafts, if there are no deposits in the current account. For this banks demand a security from the customers and charge very high rate of interest. 4. Discounting of Bills of Exchange: This is the most prevalent and important method of advancing loans to the traders for short-term purposes. Under this system, banks advance loans to the traders and business firms by discounting their bills. In this way, businessmen get loans on the basis of their bills of exchange before the time of their maturity. 5. Investment of Funds: The banks invest their surplus funds in three types of securities—Government securities, other approved securities and other securities. Government securities include both, central and state governments, such as treasury bills, national savings certificate etc. Other securities include securities of state associated bodies like electricity boards, housing boards, debentures of Land Development Banks units of UTI, shares of Regional Rural banks etc. 6. Agency Functions: Banks function in the form of agents and representatives of their customers. Customers give their consent for performing such functions. The important functions of these types are as follows: 1. Banks collect checks, drafts, bills of exchange and dividends of the shares for their customers. 2. Banks make payment for their clients and at times accept the bills of exchange: of their customers for which payment is made at the fixed time. 3. Banks pay insurance premium of their customers. Besides this, they also deposit loan installments, income-tax, interest etc. as per directions. 4. Banks purchase and sell securities, shares and debentures on behalf of their customers. 5. Banks arrange to send money from one place to another for the convenience of their customers. 7. Miscellaneous Functions: Besides the functions mentioned above, banks perform many other functions of general utility which are as follows: 1. Banks make arrangement of lockers for the safe custody of valuable assets of their customers such as gold, silver, legal documents etc. 2. Banks give reference for their customers. 3. Banks collect necessary and useful statistics relating to trade and industry. 4. For facilitating foreign trade, banks undertake to sell and purchase foreign exchange. 5. Banks advise their clients relating to investment decisions as specialist 6. Bank does the under-writing of shares and debentures also. 7. Banks issue letters of credit. 8. During natural calamities, banks are highly useful in mobilizing funds and donations. 9. Banks provide loans for consumer durables like Car, Air-conditioner, and Fridge etc. Central Bank: The entity responsible for overseeing the monetary system for a nation (or group of nations). Central banks have a wide range of responsibilities, from overseeing monetary policy to implementing specific goals such as currency stability, low inflation and full employment. Central banks also generally issue currency, function as the bank of the government, regulate the credit system, oversee commercial banks, manage exchange reserves and act as a lender of last resort. Function of Central Bank: In the monetary and banking setup of a country, central bank occupies central position and perhaps, it is because of this fact that this called as the central bank. In this way, this bank works as an institution whose main objective is to control and regulate money supply keeping in view the welfare of the people. Central bank is an institution that fulfills the credit needs of banks and other credit institution, which woks as banker to the banks and the government and which work for the economic interest of the country. 1. Monopoly of note issue: Note issue primarily is the main function of a central bank in every country. These days, in all the countries where there is a central bank generally it has got the monopoly of the sole right of note issue. In the beginning this was not the function of central bank, but gradually all the central bank gas acquires this function. There are many advantages of the note issue by central banks some important ones are as follow: 1. Central bank controls the credit creating power of commercial bank. By controlling the amount of currency in circulation, the volume of credit can be controlled to quite a large extent. 2. People have more confidence in the currency issued by the control bank because it has the protection and recognition of the government. 3. In the event of monopoly of note issue of central bank, there will be uniformity in the currency system in the country. 4. The currency of the country will be flexible if the central bank of the country has the monopoly of note issue because central bank can bring about changes very early in the volume of paper money according to the needs of business, industry and messes. 5. The system of note issue has some advantages. If the central bank of the country has the monopoly of note issue, all such advantages will accrue to the government. 2. Bankers, Agent and Adviser to the Government: As banker to the government, central bank provides all those service and facilities to the government which public gets from the ordinary banks. It operates the account of the public enterprise. It mangers government departmental undertaking and government funds and where there is a need gives loan to the government. From time to time, central bank advice the government on monetary, banking and financial matters. 3. Custodian of Cash Reserve of Commercial Bank: Central bank is the bank of banks. This signifies that it has the same relationship with the commercial banks in the country that they gave with their customers. It provides security to their cash reserves, give them loan at the time of need, gives them advice on financial and economic matter and work as clearing house among various members bank. 4. Custodian of Nation’s Reserve of International: Central bank is the custodian of the foreign currency obtained from various countries. This has become an important function of central bank. These days, because with its help it can stabilize the external value of the currency. 5. Lender of The Last Resort: Central bank works as lender of the last resort for commercial banks because in the time of need it provides them financial assistance and accommodation. Whenever a commercial bank faces financial crisis, central bank as lender of the last resort comes to its rescue by advancing loans and the bank is saved from being failed. 6. Clearing House Function: All commercial bank have their accounts with the central bank. Therefore, central bank settles the mutual transactions of banks and thus saves all banks controlling each other individually for setting their individual transaction. 7. Credit Control: These days, the most important function of a central bank is to control the volume of credit for bringing about stability in the general price level and accomplishing various other socio economic objectives. The significance of this function has increased so much that for property understanding it. The central bank has acquired the rights and powers of controlling the entire banking. A central bank can adopt various quantitative and qualitative methods for credit control such as bank rate, open market operation, changes in reserve ratio selective controls, moral situation etc. Other functions Besides the 7 functions explained above, central banks perform many other functions that are as follows: 8. Collection of Data: Central banks in almost all the countries collects statistical data regularly relating to economic aspects of money, credit, foreign exchange, banking etc. from time to time, committees and commission are appointed for studying various aspects relating to the aforesaid problem. 9. Central Banking in Developing Countries: The basic problem of underdeveloped countries is the problem of lack of capital formation whose main causes are lack of saving and investment. Therefore, central bank can play an important role by promoting capital formation through mobilizing saving s and encouraging investment. Role of banks in the Economic development: There should be no anonymity as about the importance of Banking in the Economic development of a developing country like Bangladesh. Banks performs some vital role that are conducive to economic development are as follows:- 1. To create generate capital market. 2. To play effective role in the Economy by supplying capital. 3. To persuade quench, bill of exchange etc. for easy mode of exchange 4. Financing of industries. 5. Financing of Trade and Commerce and rendering services to its chants. 6. Financing of Agriculture. 7. To maintain balance of foreign trade and to check price hike in the market by controlling credit.

Cognitive Human Memory

Cognitive Human Memory Evaluate the influence of modern technology on cognitive theories of human memory Cognitive Science is a branch in the field of psychology that studies the mental processes of the people. These mental processes include attention, perception, memory, recollection and learning. Cognitive psychology is seen as an interrelated field where it intersects with other disciplines such as philosophy, computer science, neuroscience and linguistic. Out of all those mental processes that were mentioned above memory has been of great interest and most researched, for it being a very complex topic. There have been several research conducted in order to find the nature of memory. Memory is the ability of a living organism to store, retain and retrieve information. In cognitive psychology memory is divided into three stores, namely the sensory, short term and long term. The information is processed in all these three stores. This is often referred to as the information processing model. George Miller (1956) had proposed an idea that is fundamental to the information processing model. The concept is ‘chunking and the capacity of the short term memory. Miller stated that short term memory could hold only up to 5-9 chunks of information, where a chunk is a meaningful unit and it could refer to words, digits, people faces etc.,. This concept was considered to be the basic element in the subsequent theories of memory. The other theory of human memory, the multi store model was proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968). Their theory was very influential within the information-processing model. They also suggested three types of memory stores, namely sensory, sh ort term and long term stores. Sensory store holds temporary information that is acquired from the environment in an unprocessed state. The information that is given attention is processed to the short term store, some of the information is rehearsed in the short term store and passed on to the long term memory. This information is retrieved on active searching. One of the major contributions of the cognitive science to the field of psychology is the information processing model where the metaphor of ‘brain as computer is taken in the literal sense. Cognitive scientists try to study the nature of intelligence from a scientific point of view by creating computer models of the human mind that helps us in explaining the processes that take place during problem solving, remembering, perceiving etc. It is believed that if we observe how does robotics and expert systems accomplish tasks assigned to them, then we are using the Artificial Intelligence to understand the working of the human mind. However the influence of modern technologies on the cognitive theories of human memory is note worthy. It has had positive as well as negative impact. Firstly, let us look at the positive side of using metaphors of mind that are borrowed from the technological advances. The usage of computer metaphor helped in the development of important scientific breakthroughs. It led to the invention of artificial intelligence that helps people in all the fields to make better utilization of the information in order to work smarter rather than working hard. Robotics and other expert systems have also helped humans in making their life much simpler and easier. This can be considered as a major contribution of the cognitive psychology to the modern technology. The other advantage of using computer metaphor to human mind has made the understanding of the mental process involved in memory very simpler. The nature of memory was a very complex and mysterious concept initially, however with the computer analogy better understanding of the human memory has been achieved. The working of the mind is very similar to that of a computer in several ways. Computers receive information, codes it in particular format, which it can understand and when necessary it is retrieved. This is the same activity that a human mind does. They receive information from the environment, process it and store it in mind in a form that they perceive and on later stages they are able to retrieve them effectively. Thus, we ourselves can see that a metaphor of mind borrowed from the advanced technology has made our understanding very efficient and easier. So far we have seen the advantages of using metaphors of mind. However as it was mentioned earlier this concept is not without its drawbacks. Firstly the concept is overly simplistic. By using computer model as an example we do not consider the complexity of the human behavior. Understanding human behavior is a very complicated phenomenon for it involves biological, chemical, or/and psychological reactions within the body/mind before it produces any outcome or behavior. Having many things to be considered, the computer model does not make our understanding in depth, and creates a very easy picture about the mental processes of the human mind. Secondly, we can say that this concept is very hypothetical. Computer model itself is a theory. A theory is drawn out of a hypothesis, which is only assumed to be the truth and necessarily need not be the reality. In this state, trying to explain human mind in terms of computer model may not be totally accurate. Psychology being a scientific stu dy needs to conduct lab research for us to believe in any idea that they propose though the comparison between the human mind and the computer is widely accepted. Finally, I would like to conclude the essay by saying that the usage of computer analogy in the field of cognitive study has made our understanding of the human mind more convenient. For a field that is full of complexities this concept has contributed enormously in a positive way. Every aspect has pros and cons, similarly this concept also has some disadvantages that were mentioned few lines above, and nevertheless, I would personally say that the advantages have overweighed the disadvantages. References: www-psych.stanford.edu/~bigopp/Encoding.PDF http://www.aaai.org/AITopics/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/AITopics/CognitiveScience http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/learning/memory.html http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/memory.htm http://tip.psychology.org/miller.html http://www.cranepsych.com/Psych/Cognitive.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory http://www.aaai.org/AITopics/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/AITopics/Applications

Kafkas Metamorphosis Essay -- Metamorphosis essays

Kafka's Metamorphosis "As Gregor Samsa awoke one morning from uneasy dreams he found himself transformed in his bed into a gigantic insect" (Kafka 1757). This opening is famous not only for its startling content but also for its calm, matter-of-fact style which then sets the tone for the rest of the story. Along with Homer's Iliad and Odyssey and Dante's Inferno, Franz Kafka's "The Metamorphosis" has one of the most-memorized and most attention-catching opening lines. Gregor Samsa feels that he has been treated as a lowly insect and comes to feel that he is one; the story makes the leap from "I feel like an insect" to "I am an insect." Whatever the causes for Gregor feeling this way, these causes have led to his isolation and alienation (the feeling of being a stranger and an alien, even in those places where one should feel at home). Gregor has undergone an ultimate alienation: he is alienated from both his psychological and physical self. Once Gregor's metamorphosis (change) has been accomplished, the story moves inevitably to his death. In many ways, the protagonist (main character) of "The Metamorphosis" and his dilemmas are... ..., his company). We feel a chill to see the authoritarian control over Gregor and how it works itself out in the story. And those of us who know the history of Germany and Czechoslovakia are chilled to see how the events of the story find a parallel in the Nazi politics and the Holocaust that came soon after Kafka's death. Work Cited Kafka, Franz. "The Metamorphosis." Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Ed. Maynard Mack et al. 2 vols. Exp. ed. New York: Norton, 1995. Vol. 2. 1757-1791.

Meaning, Interpretation, and Tension in Literature Essay -- Literary A

"Iraqi Head Seeks Arms." (Pinker, p. 69) Quiproquo, double entendre, pun. These are instances of finding more than one possible meaning to an event, most often a phrase. We can't read Shakespeare, or Molià ¨re, or the works of many other authors if we don't believe that something can have more than one meaning. "There is no topic in philosophy that has received more attention than meaning, in its multifarious manifestations." (Dennett, p. 401) Meaning is one of our most intimate bedfellows – it is always in our minds. In Webster's Third New International Dictionary, meaning is defined as follows; 1meaning 1a: The thing one intends to convey by an act or esp. by language b: the thing that is conveyed or signified esp. by language: the sense in which something (as a statement) is understood 2: The thing that is meant or intended: INTENT, PURPOSE, AIM, OBJECT It is especially interesting that there is a difference between 1a and 1b in this definition, because this implies that there can be at least two meanings for a given event or utterance; what the meaner intends, and what the witness understands the meaning to be. The number of possible meanings grows when we consider that there may be many different meanings, or levels of meanings of the meaner. There could also be many witnesses to the event, each with her own interpretation. Each of these situations is like a different context, which could reveal a new sense. One area in which the possibility of the existence of more than one meaning or interpretation creates tension is literature. "Intention, text, context, reader – what determines meaning? Now the very fact that arguments are made for all four factors shows that meaning is complex and elusive, not something once and f... ...case, especially if we concede that certain things from which we derive meaning were created without intent or purpose. Perhaps our concept of meaning is a manifestation of our tendency to make up stories to explain things, or desire as humans to fill emptiness and to expand. We certainly don't have all the puzzle pieces yet; hopefully our understanding will evolve and expand as more information becomes available. Works Cited: Carle, Eric. The Very Hungry Caterpillar. New York; Philomel. 1969. Culler, Jonathon. Literary Theory. New York; Oxford. 1997. Dennett, Daniel. Darwin's Dangerous Idea. New York; Touchstone, 1995. Hofstadter, Douglas R. Gà ¶del, Escher, Bach: an Eternal Golden Braid. New York; Basic Books. 1979 Mayr, Ernst. What Evolution Is. New York; Basic Books, 2001. Pinker, Steven. The Language Instinct. New York; HarperCollins, 1994.

Blue Collar and College

Is College Worth It? Is college the only way to success? If the answer is yes, so why Bill Gates and Steve Jobs are college dropouts and millions of graduated students with degrees from four-year higher education institutions cannot find jobs. Today, a college education does not guarantee you anything. It is not an automatic ticket to get a good job as people believe. These issues are viewed more sharpen via two writers’ point of views Mike Rose and Caroline Bird.Based on their essays, Rose with â€Å"Blue-Collar Brilliance† and Bird with â€Å"College is a Waste of Time and Money†, both suggest college is not the only way to succeed and that society mistakenly overvalues a college education. It is time to rethink the idea about college. By showing that knowledge can be acquired outside the classroom, Rose repudiates that people who spend more time in school, are not more brilliant than those who do not. He says, â€Å"Though work-related actions become routine with experience, they were learned at some point through observation, trial and error. Even if people are not college educated, they can deal with various problems that they face in the work by using their experiences that colleges do not teach them. Rose’s mother, Rosie was a waitress; the restaurant became the place where she studied human behavior, puzzling over the problems. Rose’s uncle, Joe Meraglio, worked in a factory; he observed the factory was like schooling, a place where he was constantly learning. Life experience can teach a person a tremendous amount.True, it would be in a different manner than a formal education would, yet still a very lofty education can be learned through hands-on actives, outside a classroom setting. Everyone is smart on their own level. However, Rose stresses the point that their â€Å"brilliance† is not recognized or, if it is, it is looked down upon by people who are more â€Å"educated. † In the same way with Rose, Bird argues that college is a waste of time because the majority of college graduates do not end up working in the same field as the major they studied.Students waste thousands of dollars for a college education, just to end up with their degree in their hand and with no job relating to it. Instead they have to take classes that have close to nothing to do with their major but are only taking these classes in order to fulfill a general educational requirement. They cannot transform learning experiences to jobs. Bird says, â€Å"Teachers, engineers and others I talked to said they find that on the job they rarely use what they learned in school. † She presents this statement with the evidence of Charles Lawrence, a communications major in college and now the producer of â€Å"Kennedy & Co. † the Chicago morning television show, says, â€Å"You have to learn all that stuff and you will never use it again. I learned my job doing it. † Birds also shows a society's a ssumption that everyone is a fit for college, not knowing that it only comes naturally to a few. Another Rose and Bird’s perspective is that money can be acquired without a college education. Rose shows how Rosie and Joe make money with blue collar jobs. Rosie with excellent management ability on performance helped her earn a lot of tips and good salary.Joe took the advantage on learning about budget and management, he became a supervisor. Those people definitively have a good income. Rosie and Joe are representative people without higher education, but they still get accomplishments and they can define who they are in society. Similarly, Bird states that college education will not help the students to make money in the future: â€Å"if making money is the only goal, college is the dumbest investment you can make†. Bird compares the money that would be spent on education versus money that is put in a bank for interest.Even when the graduates do succeed in having good j obs, Bird says there is no evidence that the higher income is due to their college education as college attract people who are intelligent with good family backgrounds and an enterprising temperament. Most parents are convinced that sending their children to college is a good investment; their children will earn more money. There was a student that really was into cars and was also accepted to Princeton. If he decided to go to Princeton he would pay about $34,181 a year to attend, and when he got out only make $1,000 more than a high school graduate.But if he instead took the money and invested it while working at the local car garage, by the time he was 28 he would have over $73,113. Then with that money he could open up his own business and make a lot more yearly that the average high school graduate. Although there is a huge similarity between Rose and Bird’s idea, there are some different thoughts in their essays. Rose comments that education should not only be measured b y college, but he still acknowledges the value of college. He still has higher education.He says, â€Å"I studied the humanities and later the social and psychological sciences and taught for 10 years†¦ Then I went back to graduate school to study education and cognitive psychology and eventually became a faculty member in a school education. † His points of view which are displayed in his essays are gained not only from his real life but also from his college. If he did not have higher education, he would not have had this essay â€Å"Blue–Collar Brilliance†. On the other hand, Bird devalues college by focusing on money. She convinces readers that college is an investment in order to make money.Therefore, after graduation, students cannot find job and no money; it means college is not worth. She said, â€Å"When most people talk about the value of a college education, they are not talking about great books. † She also claims that college becomes com mercialized: â€Å"They sell college like soap, promoting features they think students want: innovative features, an environment conductive to meaningful personal relationships, and a curriculum so free that it doesn’t sound like college at all. † She gives people a negative image about college.In conclusion, success is the goals which people have set just for themselves. Not to look at anyone or make determination based on social standing. Success in a general sense means happiness. As Rosie and Joe on Mike Rose’s essay and a student who worked at the local car garage on Caroline Bird’s essay, even though they are underestimated on society, they are still success on their path. This is a proven fact that college is not the only way to success. College is just an option. People can choose it or not. It's up to them to decide what they are going to do with the opportunity they are given.

The Hidden Side of Domestic Violence Essay

This book was written by Dutton and Donald about domestic violence. It gave us the history about assault on spouses. Dutton and Donald talks of two major social phenomena that emerged in North American and the Western countries in Europe. Rights of women were acknowledged by everyone after long and tedious struggle of women to get recognized. It goes further to state the measures and incidences of violence including theories concerning women assault. The cycle of violence and people who possess abusive personalities are stated even assault on men. This book is very important for it teaches about recognizing one another especially those who possess violent personalities. It is good for the society for it educates one to accept others rights and difference between marriage duties and rights. This book shows us that we ca eliminate all odds in our society and try make each and every person to feel that he or she belongs to it fully without any intimidation and discrimination. Donald and Dutton’s ideas can be used to help those who possess abusive personality by attending psychiatrists and avoiding any abusive behavior. It can be used to educate spouses in marriage so that they will evade future marriage problems. Also, in the current globalized world, the ideas in this book can help us socialize and live together in peace and harmony especially in a domestic set up. This book can help people who are married in other cultures to harmonize or leave those cultures and then live with the acceptance and respect of each other’s rights. Weiss, Elaine. Surviving Domestic Violence: Voices of Women Who Broke Free. Volcano: Volcano Press,  2004. Print. In this book, Surviving Domestic Violence, Elaine Weiss wrote about several stories of women who had been subjected to domestic violence. She got these stories by interviewing and later writing them down. It talks of what they went through and how they later managed to escape it. It gives reasons as to why such incidences were happening. After getting out, the women took a very long time to finally recover the psychological and wounds they got due to this violence but some were yet to fully recover for the ordeal they went through changed their lives negatively. Those who managed to deal with stress after coming out say that they are stronger than ever. The different stories taught in this book are the true causes and effects of domestic related violence. They bring about what one goes through and how one feels while undergoing the violence. Also, it helps to understand what to do when such incidences happen. It also shows its effects and how they change one’s life therefore targeting those who abuse their partners. This book is a very example as it shows us that those who have already freed themselves from the marital abuses can educate others like the youth and couples about domestic violence o that they refrain from them. The stories are very encouraging for they give people motivation to solve their problems and also how one can escape this. They can be used by those specialists in parental guidance and counselling to help them shape their marriage when such incidences are reported to them and even before couples get married. The ideas in this book can enable those undergoing abuses to get out and look for a better marriage partner. One only needs to accept that he or she is undergoing domestic violence and therefore if it cannot be solved, one can boldly walk away and start life afresh. Marriage is not slavery but it’s a path towards achieving your goals in life as one needs a partner who is willing to assist where possible so that they make all their dreams in life to happen. Abused Men: The Hidden Side of Domestic Violence Cook, Philip W. Abused Men: The Hidden Side of Domestic Violence. Westport: Praeger,  2009. Print. Phillip exposes how men goes through domestic violence silently. He talks of how real it is that men are going through domestic violence without the society suspecting. He brings several stories of men who have been undergoing through such violence from their wives for a long time. Then he goes further to give tips that can help one to find freedom from any form of abuse. The he talks of resistance and acceptance for those who are abusing their spouses and how they come to realize that each and every person deserves to be respected. He also talks of new great approaches that can be used to reduce domestic violence. He then gives survey statistics of domestic violence in Canada. It also talks about how the relationship changes between the offenders to their victims. The story is helpful in realizing what some men go through. It gives statistics of domestic violence that people are not ready to talk about. The society is helped to recognize men who are undergoing domestic abuses from their spouses. It is helpful because statistics help people to know how long they have been living with their friends undergoing abuses without even realizing it. It talks of acceptance which can help those who are yet to accept their spouse the way he or she is. It is helpful for it shows how much men can be subjected to torture with use of dangerous tools such as knives, machetes and any other type of a life-threatening tool or machine so that one can force their partner to follow her commands. Philip’s ideas can be used to know the men who are undergoing abuses experienced from their wives and enable us to help them come out of the problem. Also, it encourages courage especially those who are not courageous enough to come out and tell their ordeal to the society. This book can help men to free themselves away from any form of abuse and intimidation from their partners. This book is very important as it can be used to tell the extent in which men undergo violence in real life situations. Men can also use this book to help them evade any other form of domestic violence against them and therefore reducing the number of men who die as a result of domestic violence. Howard, Louise, Louise Howard, Gene Feder, and Roxane Agnew-Davies. Domestic Violence and Mental Health. London: RCPsych Publications,  2013. Print. This book has been written collectively by different authors who are specialized in domestic violence ideas. It talks about prevalence and physical health impacts of domestic violence. It talks about types of abuses in marriage such as physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological abuse and coercive control and also it questions them and gives clues on how they are brought about and their solution. It also talks of effects of the person’s psychology which is deeply affected even in the future that may not get them out of his mind. It stresses on survival strategies to evade such abuses and also how one can control his or her mind to avoid damaging his or her psychology. This book also gives the kinds of interventions and responses people can take after or when you suspect any form of violence. Advices from professionals on domestic violence are also written down. This book has directives on what causes mental problems after abuse. It also gives us ways on how to control ourselves and maintain a state of calmness so as not disturb our stressed mind. It educates us on different forms of domestic violence. It has been written by different qualified professionals in each field is represented. It is an important text for it has the advices on domestic violence from professionals. The story in this book can help us to evade mental problems due to domestic abuses and can be used by psychiatrists to know what causes a certain mental disorder and they can use the ideas here to enable their clients who are undergoing this problem to get out of it. It can also be used to educate couples so that when they are not in good terms to try to their best solve the problem before it gets out of hand. The advices written in this book can also be used in the same way to advice people especially those undergoing domestic violence depending on the root cause and the kind of violence. Kubany, Edward S, Mari A. McCaig, and Janet R. Laconsay. Healing the Trauma of Domestic Violence: A Workbook for Women. Oakland: New Harbinger This book is directed to those who have been freed from domestic violence and especially women. Due to violent domestic situations, one may develop post-traumatic stress disorders which are not easy to get out of one’s mind and can negatively affect that person. It is aimed at giving programs known as cognitive trauma therapy which one undergoes to help him or her come back to normal. It gives the techniques one can use them to help himself or herself by identifying any form of trauma and distress one has that can enable one to deal with it to help control and change his or her life . This book is targeting those who have been affected by domestic violence so that they come back to normal for those who were traumatized. It is an educational tool for the society to understand the devastating effects of wife battering. Therefore it makes us to even identify those who are going through post-traumatic stress. It contains technics and procedures one can follow so that they make him deal any results brought by domestic violence. It is also helpful as it helps chase out any fears one has due to what they went through during that horrifying period of domestic violence. Psychiatrists can use this book to help traumatized people by helping them to come back to normal. The ideas here can help us to even identify those going through stress in their marriage so that they are helped before it’s too late. This book can be used also by the parents who are not in good terms to read and understand what one may go through if such incidences happen. The techniques in this book about dealing with trauma after violence can be used by psychiatrists to help clients who underwent this so that they identify what they are in trauma of and this can help them to accordingly better their lives. It can also be used individually as one can remember well what went wrong in that marriage and help better their lives. References Cook, Philip W. Abused Men: The Hidden Side of Domestic Violence. Westport: Praeger,  2009. Print. Dutton, Donald G. Rethinking Domestic Violence. Vancouver: UBC Press,  2006. Print. Howard, Louise, Louise Howard, Gene Feder, and Roxane Agnew-Davies. Domestic Violence and Mental Health. London: RCPsych Publications,  2013. Print. Kubany, Edward S, Mari A. McCaig, and Janet R. Laconsay. Healing the Trauma of Domestic Violence: A Workbook for Women. Oakland: New Harbinger Weiss, Elaine. Surviving Domestic Violence: Voices of Women Who Broke Free. Volcano: Volcano Press,  2004. Print. Source document